DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF BIOPOLYMER MEMBRANES FOR WATER PURIFICATION FROM HEAVY METALS

Аннотация

This article discusses biopolymer membranes as an effective method for removing heavy metals from water and wastewater. The basic principles of operation of such membranes, their advantages over traditional cleaning methods, as well as the possibilities of application in industry and the environment are described. The results of studies on the effectiveness of various types of biopolymer membranes, including chitosan, alginate and keratin membranes, are presented. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of sorption of heavy metal ions on biopolymer membranes, including the processes of complexation, ion exchange and chemical adsorption. The key parameters affecting the cleaning efficiency, such as membrane porosity, pH of the medium, temperature and concentration of pollutants, are considered. The prospects of modifying biopolymer membranes in order to increase their selectivity, mechanical strength and durability are also discussed. Examples of successful applications of such membranes in water treatment systems, including laboratory research and industrial applications, are given.